Enhancing Your Therapy with Gestalt Approaches

Answers:
A. Two orienting point are, the client plays both parts, and using two chairs.
B. Four factors are, contrasting avoidance and expression, avoidance is an ongoing self-regulatory process, avoidance is not a sign of weakness, and a vast majority of clients will engage in avoidance at some time.
C. Awareness helps in focusing on the "now", awareness of self, and awareness of surroundings.
D. Changing "it" to "I", changing "can't" to "won't", and changing "have to" to "choose to".
E. The "I Give You the Power" technique, the "Now I Feel" technique, and creating feelings.
F. Indicating how the client's nonverbal behavior is congruent with what is being said; responding to discrepancies between verbal and nonverbal behavior; pointing out nonverbal behavior when the client is not speaking; and distracting or interrupting the client.
G. Identifying with an object, identifying with a person, identifying with a part of the self, and identifying with a nonverbal behavior.
H. The topdog and the underdog, and opposites.
I. Three strategies are, presentizing the past, reclaiming, and presentizing 'when'.
J. Four guidelines are timing in applying Gestalt approaches, gradations in approaches, differentiating behavior in and out of counseling, and individual differences among clients.
K. Three techniques that can enhance awareness are repeating, exaggerating, and staying with.
L. The three techniques are, the introductory scene, the Stump-Cabin-Stream technique, and the positive withdrawal.
M. Avoided feelings, even 'negative' ones, can have purposes and messages which are to the client's advantage.  Accepting these feelings gives the client access to these messages.
N. 1. "Why" questions imply causality; 2. "Why" questions lead to "because" answers; 3. "Why" questions may encourage the client to enter a "figuring things out" stance; and 4. "Why" questions may be perceived as accusatory.

Answers:
A.  Creative adjustment is the Gestalt term used to describe the process employed by individuals when they are faced with the changing demands of the environment, such as a death loss 
B. 1. Individuals process events while they are occurring; 2. The "in the moment" focus. 
C. Triangling is the method by which communication between two members of a family subsystem is diverted through their interactions with a third member. 
D. 1. The central figures we depict emerge from a diffuse background and give us clues as to what is central in our lives. 2. The way we use lines, shapes, and colors in relationship to each other and to the space we put them in indicates something about how we pattern our lives. 3. The structure or the lack of it in our forms is related to our behavior in living situations.
E. Rhyne believes that if provided a wide enough choice of materials and ample time for experimentation, patients would spontaneously choose those materials that suited them best. She believed that art materials should be viewed as sensory stimulants that are most efficient in uncovering non-verbal sensory memories.
F. Negative affect provides the energy and the incentive for the restoration of the preferred state of self-standard identity.
G. Gestalt reminiscence therapy can: link people's experiences, which may develop into interpersonal bonding; memories can boost either the self-esteem of the speaker or another group participant by concentrating on past achievements; memories can help to identify unfinished business; and the act of relating memories can give the teller a sense of `empowerment' as a personal expert on the times they lived in
H. Metaphor analyses can provide a targeted method of examining shifts in client's experience of depression
I. Painting on translucent glass helped the client explore the notion that she was a complex person possessing a mixture of traits.
J. Sharon stated that she was "making little things" at home; and that she "enjoyed tinkering."
K. Gass's six facilitation styles are: no loading, front loading, back loading, front and back loading, metaphor, and paradox. 
L. Six themes were: reconnection to the body, permission to play, sense of spontaneity, sense of struggle, sense of intimate connection, and sense of freedom.