Therapy for Children's Grief

Peer-Reviewed Journal Article References:
Aslan, A., Samenieh, A., Staudigl, T., & Bäuml, K.-H. T. (2010). Memorial consequences of environmental context change in children and adults. Experimental Psychology, 57(6), 455–461. 

Austin, K., Theakston, A., Lieven, E., & Tomasello, M. (2014). Young children’s understanding of denial. Developmental Psychology, 50(8), 2061–2070. 

Bellet, B. W., LeBlanc, N. J., Nizzi, M.-C., Carter, M. L., van der Does, F. H. S., Peters, J., Robinaugh, D. J., & McNally, R. J. (2020). Identity confusion in complicated grief: A closer look. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 129(4), 397–407.

Bloh, C. (2010). Assessing self-control training in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The Behavior Analyst Today, 10(3-4), 357–363.

Boerner, M., Joseph, S., & Murphy, D. (2020). Is the association between posttraumatic stress and posttraumatic growth moderated by defense styles? Traumatology. Advance online publication. 

Brans, K., Van Mechelen, I., Rimé, B., & Verduyn, P. (2014). To share, or not to share? Examining the emotional consequences of social sharing in the case of anger and sadness. Emotion, 14(6), 1062–1071.

Clements, M. L., Martin, S. E., Randall, D. W., & Kane, K. L. (2014). Child and parent perceptions of interparental relationship conflict predict preschool children’s adjustment. Couple and Family Psychology: Research and Practice, 3(2), 110–125.

Colasante, T., Zuffianò, A., Haley, D. W., & Malti, T. (2018). Children’s autonomic nervous system activity while transgressing: Relations to guilt feelings and aggression. Developmental Psychology, 54(9), 1621–1633.

Cummings, C. M., Caporino, N. E., & Kendall, P. C. (2014). Comorbidity of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents: 20 years after. Psychological Bulletin, 140(3), 816–845.

Diminich, E. D., & Bonanno, G. A. (2014). Faces, feelings, words: Divergence across channels of emotional responding in complicated grief. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 123(2), 350–361. 

Donohue, M. R., & Tully, E. C. (2019). Reparative prosocial behaviors alleviate children’s guilt. Developmental Psychology, 55(10), 2102–2113.

Ebesutani, C., Smith, A., Bernstein, A., Chorpita, B. F., Higa-McMillan, C., & Nakamura, B. (2011). A bifactor model of negative affectivity: Fear and distress components among younger and older youth. Psychological Assessment, 23(3), 679–691. 

Eisma, M. C., Stroebe, M. S., Schut, H. A. W., Stroebe, W., Boelen, P. A., & van den Bout, J. (2013). Avoidance processes mediate the relationship between rumination and symptoms of complicated grief and depression following loss. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 122(4), 961–970. 

Faust, J., & Katchen, L. B. (2004). Treatment of children with complicated posttraumatic stress reactions. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 41(4), 426–437. 

Ford, J. D., Racusin, R., Daviss, W. B., Ellis, C. G., Thomas, J., Rogers, K., Reiser, J., Schiffman, J., & Sengupta, A. (1999). Trauma exposure among children with oppositional defiant disorder and attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 67(5), 786–789.

Geiser, C., Eid, M., Nussbeck, F. W., Courvoisier, D. S., & Cole, D. A. (2010). Analyzing true change in longitudinal multitrait-multimethod studies: Application of a multimethod change model to depression and anxiety in children. Developmental Psychology, 46(1), 29–45.

Gilkey, S. (2010). Review of Treating traumatized children: Risk, resilience and recovery [Review of the book Treating traumatized children: Risk, resilience and recovery, by D. Brom, R. Pat-Horenczyk & J. D. Ford, Eds.]. Traumatology, 16(1), 66–67.

Green, J. A., Whitney, P. G., & Potegal, M. (2011). Screaming, yelling, whining, and crying: Categorical and intensity differences in vocal expressions of anger and sadness in children's tantrums. Emotion, 11(5), 1124–1133.

Howard Sharp, K. M., Russell, C., Keim, M., Barrera, M., Gilmer, M. J., Foster Akard, T., Compas, B. E., Fairclough, D. L., Davies, B., Hogan, N., Young-Saleme, T., Vannatta, K., & Gerhardt, C. A. (2018). Grief and growth in bereaved siblings: Interactions between different sources of social support. School Psychology Quarterly, 33(3), 363–371.

Jacobson, J. L., & Wille, D. E. (1984). Influence of attachment and separation experience on separation distress at 18 months. Developmental Psychology, 20(3), 477–484.

Kao, G. S. (2018). It hurts to move (on): A family’s experience with chronic pain, grief, and healing. Families, Systems, & Health, 36(2), 252–254.

Kim, J. L., Shatz, M., & Akiyama, M. M. (1990). Effects of language and task on children's patterns of sentence verification and denial. Developmental Psychology, 26(5), 821–829.

Kiser, L. J., Miller, A. B., Mooney, M. A., Vivrette, R., & Davis, S. R. (2020). Integrating parents with trauma histories into child trauma treatment: Establishing core components. Practice Innovations, 5(1), 65–80.

Low, S. M., & Stocker, C. (2012). "Family functioning and children's adjustment: Associations among parents' depressed mood, marital hostility, parent-child hostility, and children's adjustment": Correction to Low and Stocker (2005). Journal of Family Psychology, 26(2), 253. 

Marshall, A. D., Roettger, M. E., Mattern, A. C., Feinberg, M. E., & Jones, D. E. (2018). Trauma exposure and aggression toward partners and children: Contextual influences of fear and anger. Journal of Family Psychology, 32(6), 710–721. 

Murray, K. J., Sullivan, K. M., Lent, M. C., Chaplo, S. D., & Tunno, A. M. (2019). Promoting trauma-informed parenting of children in out-of-home care: An effectiveness study of the resource parent curriculum. Psychological Services, 16(1), 162–169.

Panksepp, J. (2005). Why Does Separation Distress Hurt? Comment on MacDonald and Leary (2005). Psychological Bulletin, 131(2), 224–230. 

Review of Life & loss: A guide to help grieving children (2000). [Review of the book Life & loss: A guide to help grieving children (2nd ed.), by L. Goldman]. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 21(3), 141. 

Roth, B. (2015). Recovering memories of a murder by a child, or “getting away with murder”. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 32(1), 140–158.

Sala, M. N., Testa, S., Pons, F., & Molina, P. (2015). Emotion regulation and defense mechanisms. Journal of Individual Differences, 36(1), 19–29. 

Saler, L., & Skolnick, N. (1992). Childhood parental death and depression in adulthood: Roles of surviving parent and family environment. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 62(4), 504–516.

Salinas, C. L. (2021). Playing to heal: The impact of bereavement camp for children with grief. International Journal of Play Therapy, 30(1), 40–49.

Sears, M. S., Repetti, R. L., Reynolds, B. M., & Sperling, J. B. (2014). A naturalistic observational study of children’s expressions of anger in the family context. Emotion, 14(2), 272–283. 

Sentse, M., Ormel, J., Veenstra, R., Verhulst, F. C., & Oldehinkel, A. J. (2011). Child temperament moderates the impact of parental separation on adolescent mental health: The trails study. Journal of Family Psychology, 25(1), 97–106.

Stutey, D. M., Helm, H. M., LoSasso, H., & Kreider, H. D. (2016). Play therapy and photo-elicitation: A narrative examination of children’s grief. International Journal of Play Therapy, 25(3), 154–165. 

Additional References:
- Asarnow, J. R., Jaycox, L. H., & Tompson, M. C. (2001). Depression in Youth: Psychosocial Interventions. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 30(1), 33-47. doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp3001_5

- Carmack, H. J., J., & Degroot, J. M. (2013). Omega: Exploiting Loss? Ethical Considerations, Boundaries, and Opportunities for the Study of Death and Grief Online. Journal of Death & Dying, 68(4), 315-335.

- Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Children Affected by Sexual Abuse or Trauma. (2014). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Children’s Bureau, 1-16.

- Count, D. L. (2000). Working with Difficult Children from the Inside Out: Loss and Bereavement and How the Creative Arts Can Help. Pastoral Care in Education, 18(2), 17-27. doi:10.1111/1468-0122.00157

- Cox, G. R. (2013). Principles and Practices of Grief Counseling. Illness. Crisis & Loss, 21(4), 370-372.

- Cozza, S. J., Fisher, J. E., Zhou, J., Harrington-LaMorie, J., Jill, L., Fullerton, C. S., & La Flair, L. (Mar/Apr 2017). Bereaved Military Dependent Spouses and Children: Those Left Behind in a Decade of War. Military Medicine, 182(3/4), 1684-1690.

- Crunk, A., Burke, L. A., & Robinson, E. (Apr 2017). Complicated Grief: An Evolving Theoretical Landscape. Journal of Counseling & Development, 95(2), 226-233.

- Behind the Term: Trauma. (2016). Development Services Group, Inc. SAMHSA., 1-6.

- Dillen, L., Johnny, R., & Verhofstadt-Denève, L. (2009-05). Confirming the Distinctiveness of Complicated Grief from Deoressuib and Anxiety Among Adolescents. Death Studies, 33(5).

- Dowdney, L. (2000). Annotation: Childhood Bereavement Following Parental Death. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 41(7), 819-830. doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00670

- Educator's Guide to the Military Child During Deployment. (Jan 2017). Educational Opportunities Directorate of the Department of Defense, 1-11.

- Emswiler, M., M.A., M.P.S, & Emswiler, J. P., M.A., M.ED. (2000). Guiding Your Child Through Grief. New York, NY: Bantam Books.

- Fitzgerald, H. (1992). The Grieving Child. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster.

- Fordyce, L. (Aug 2009). Overcoming Loss: Activities and Stories to Help Transform Children’s Grief and Loss. Community Care, 1782.

- Depression in Children Part I. (Feb 2002).  Harvard Mental Health Letter, 18(8).

- Depression in Children Part II.  (Mar 2002). Harvard Mental Health Letter, 18(9).

- Griese, B., Burns, M. R., Farro, Samantha A., Silvern, L., & Talmi, A. (2017). Comprehensive grief care for children and families: Policy and practice implications. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 87(5), 540-548.

- Howard Sharp, K. M., Russell, C., Keim, M., Barrera, M., Gilmer, M. J., Foster Akard, T., Compas, B. E., Fairclough, D. L., Davies, B., Hogan, N., Young-Saleme, T., Vannatta, K., & Gerhardt, C. A. (Sep 2018). Grief and growth in bereaved siblings: Interactions between different sources of social support. School Psychology Quarterly, 33(3), 363-371.

- Hume, K., Regan, T., Megronigle,, L., & Rhinehalt, C. (Jan/Feb 2016). Supporting Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder Through Grief and Loss. Teaching Exceptional Children, 48(3), 128-136..

- Jarratt, C. (1994). Helping Children Cope With Separation and Loss. Boston, MA: The Harvard Common Press.

- Jureidini, J. (2009). How do We Safely Treat Depression in Children, Adolescents and Young Adults? Drug Safety, 32(4).

- Kaufman, K. R., & Kaufman, N. D. (2005). Childhood Mourning: Prospective Case Analysis of Multiple Losses. Death Studies, 29(3), 237-249. doi:10.1080/07481180590916362

- Kousky, C. (Spring 2016). Impacts of Natural Disasters on Children. Future of Children, 26(1), 73-92.

- Lawrence, G., Kurpius, & Robinson, S. E. (2000). Legal and Ethical Issues Involved When Counseling Minors in Nonschool Settings. Journal of Counseling and Development.

- Lightner, C., & Hathaway, N. (1990). Giving Sorrow Words: How to Cope With Grief and Get On With Your Life. New York, NY: Warner Books.

- Moody, R., M.D., & Arcangel, D. (2001). Life After Loss: Conquering Grief and Finding Hope. New York, NY: Harper Collins.

- Morad, M., & Morad, A. (2017). Grief in Primary Care Practice: Loss of House. Journal of Alternative Medicine Research, 9(1), 81-87.

- Morgan, A., Juriga, S., & Brown, E. (Jul/Aug 2004). Letting the Story Unfold: A Case Study of Client-Centered Therapy for Childhood Traumatic Grief. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 12(4).

- Guidance on Complex Trauma As An Eligible 2703 Chronic Condition. (Mar 2017). New York State Department of Health, 1-3.

- Nickerson, A., Liddell, B. J., Maccallum, F., Steel, Z., Silove, D., & Bryant, R. A. (2014). Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Prolonged Grief in Refugees Exposed to Trauma and Loss. BMC Psychiatry, 14(1), 1-9.

- Richardson, M., Cobham, V., McDermott, B., & Murray, J. (Jul 2013). Youth Mental Illness and the Family: Parents' Loss and Grief. Journal of Child & Family Studies, 22(5), 719-736.

- Russo, F. (Nov 2013). Is Your Teen a Night Owl? That Could Explain His Poor Grades. Time.com, 1.

- Additional Resources on Childhood Traumatic Grief. (2010). U.D. Department of Health and Human Services.

- Complex Trauma and Health Homes – Draft FAQs. (Oct 2015). New York State Department of Health, 1-3.

- Tips for Survivors: Coping with Grief After A Disaster or Traumatic Event. (2017). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

- Schaefer, D., Ph.D., & Lyons, C. (2001). How Do We Tell The Children? A Step-by-step Guide for Helping Children Two to Teen Cope When Someone Dies. New York, NY: Newmarket Press.

- Schonfeld, D. J., & Demaria, T. P. (Sep 2018). The role of school psychologists in the support of grieving children. School Psychology Quarterly, 33(3), 361-362.

- Shear, M. K., Ghesquiere, A., & Glickman, K. (2013). Bereavement And Complicated Grief. Current Psychiatry Reports, 15(11), 406.

- Simon N. M. (2013). Treating Complicated Grief. JAMA, 310(4), 416-423.

- Snaman, J. M., Torres, C., Duffy, B., Levine, D. R., Gibson, D. V., & Baker, J. N. (2016). Parental Perspectives of Communication at the End of Life at a Pediatric Oncology Institution. Journal of Palliative Medicine, 19(3), 326-332. doi:10.1089/jpm.2015.0253

- Spuij, M., Prinzie, P., Dekovic, M., Bout, J. V., & Boelen, P. A. (2013). The Effectiveness of Grief-Help, a Cognitive Behavioural Treatment for Prolonged Grief in Children: Study Protocol For a Randomised Controlled Trial. Trials, 14(1), 395. doi:10.1186/1745-6215-14-395

- The Death of a Child The Grief of the Parents: A Lifetime Journey. (2005). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, 1-24.

- Turner, R. (Apr 2020). Playing through the unimaginable: Play therapy for traumatic loss. International Journal of Play Therapy, 29(2), 96-103.