Bullying Assessment: Students Rate their School Climate

Update

Andrews, N. C. Z., Cillessen, A. H. N., Craig, W., Dane, A. V., & Volk, A. A. (2023). Bullying and the Abuse of Power. International journal of bullying prevention : an official publication of the International Bullying Prevention Association, 1-10. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42380-023-00170-0

Burger, C., Strohmeier, D., & Kollerová, L. (2022). Teachers Can Make a Difference in Bullying: Effects of Teacher Interventions on Students' Adoption of Bully, Victim, Bully-Victim or Defender Roles across Time. Journal of youth and adolescence, 51(12), 2312-2327. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-022-01674-6

Jia, Y., Wu, Y., Jin, T., & Zhang, L. (2022). How Are Bystanders Involved in Cyberbullying? A Latent Class Analysis of the Cyberbystander and Their Characteristics in Different Intervention Stages. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(23), 16083. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192316083

Johander, E., Turunen, T., Garandeau, C.F. et al. Interventions That Failed: Factors Associated with the Continuation of Bullying After a Targeted Intervention. Int Journal of Bullying Prevention (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42380-023-00169-7

Lu, L., Fei, L., Ye, Y., Liao, M., Chang, Y., Chen, Y., Zou, Y., Li, X., & Zhang, R. (2022). Psychological Resilience May Be Related to Students' Responses to Victims of School Bullying: A Cross-Sectional Study of Chinese Grade 3-5 Primary School Students. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(23), 16121. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192316121

Midgett, A., Doumas, D. M., & Buller, M. K. (2022). Posttraining Outcomes, Acceptability, and Technology-Based Delivery of the STAC Bystander Bullying Intervention Teacher Module: Mixed Methods Study. JMIR formative research, 6(8), e40022. https://doi.org/10.2196/40022

Paek, S. Y., Lee, J., & Choi, Y. J. (2022). The impact of parental monitoring on cyberbullying victimization in the COVID-19 era. Social science quarterly, 103(2), 294-305. https://doi.org/10.1111/ssqu.13134

Robinson, L. E., Clements, G., Drescher, A., El Sheikh, A., Milarsky, T. K., Hanebutt, R., Graves, K., Delgado, A. V., Espelage, D. L., & Rose, C. A. (2023). Developing a Multi-Tiered System of Support-Based Plan for Bullying Prevention Among Students with Disabilities: Perspectives from General and Special Education Teachers During Professional Development. School mental health, 1-13. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12310-023-09589-8

Sainz, V., & Martín-Moya, B. (2023). The importance of prevention programs to reduce bullying: A comparative study. Frontiers in psychology, 13, 1066358. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1066358

Shiba, D., & Mokwena, K. E. (2023). The Profile of Bullying Perpetrators and Victims and Associated Factors among High School Learners in Tshwane District, South Africa. International journal of environmental research and public health, 20(6), 4916. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20064916

van Aalst, D.A., Huitsing, G. & Veenstra, R. A Systematic Review on Primary School Teachers’ Characteristics and Behaviors in Identifying, Preventing, and Reducing Bullying. Int Journal of Bullying Prevention (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42380-022-00145-7

Wójcik, M., Thornberg, R., Flak, W., & Leśniewski, J. (2022). Downward Spiral of Bullying: Victimization Timeline From Former Victims' Perspective. Journal of interpersonal violence, 37(13-14), NP10985-NP11008. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260521990835

Waseem, M., & Nickerson, A. B. (2023). Bullying. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.

Yosep, I., Hikmat, R., Mardhiyah, A., Hazmi, H., & Hernawaty, T. (2022). Method of Nursing Interventions to Reduce the Incidence of Bullying and Its Impact on Students in School: A Scoping Review. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 10(10), 1835. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10101835

Peer-Reviewed Journal Article References:
Bell, C. D., Raczynski, K. A., & Horne, A. M. (2010). Bully Busters abbreviated: Evaluation of a group-based bully intervention and prevention program. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 14(3), 257–267. 

Berkowitz, R., & Benbenishty, R. (2012). Perceptions of teachers’ support, safety, and absence from school because of fear among victims, bullies, and bully‐victims. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 82(1), 67–74. 

Bohn, A., & Berntsen, D. (2013). The future is bright and predictable: The development of prospective life stories across childhood and adolescence. Developmental Psychology, 49(7), 1232–1241.

Bradshaw, C. P. (2015). Translating research to practice in bullying prevention. American Psychologist, 70(4), 322–332. 

“Can a school-wide bullying prevention program improve the plight of victims? Evidence for risk × intervention effects”: Correction to Juvonen et al. (2016) (2016). Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 84(6), 483. 

Clark, K. N., Eldridge, M. A., Dorio, N. B., Demaray, M. K., & Smith, T. J. (2021). Bullying, victimization, and bystander behavior: Risk factors across elementary–middle school transition. School Psychology.

Cohen, O. B. S., Shahar, G., & Brunstein Klomek, A. (2020). Peer victimization, coping strategies, depression, and suicidal ideation among young adolescents. Crisis: The Journal of Crisis Intervention and Suicide Prevention, 41(3), 156–162. 

Cornell, D., & Limber, S. P. (2015). Law and policy on the concept of bullying at school. American Psychologist, 70(4), 333–343.

"Empathetic responsiveness, group norms, and prosocial affiliations in bullying roles": Correction to Nickerson and Mele-Taylor (2014) (2015). School Psychology Quarterly, 30(2), 211.

Espelage, D. L. (2016). Leveraging school-based research to inform bullying prevention and policy. American Psychologist, 71(8), 768–775.

Espelage, D. L., Low, S. K., & Jimerson, S. R. (2014). Understanding school climate, aggression, peer victimization, and bully perpetration: Contemporary science, practice, and policy. School Psychology Quarterly, 29(3), 233–237.

Fanti, K. A., & Kimonis, E. R. (2013). Dimensions of juvenile psychopathy distinguish “bullies,” “bully-victims,” and “victims”. Psychology of Violence, 3(4), 396–409. 

Fantus, S., & Newman, P. A. (2021). Promoting a positive school climate for sexual and gender minority youth through a systems approach: A theory-informed qualitative study. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 91(1), 9–19.

Fink, E., Patalay, P., Sharpe, H., & Wolpert, M. (2018). Child- and school-level predictors of children’s bullying behavior: A multilevel analysis in 648 primary schools. Journal of Educational Psychology, 110(1), 17–26.

Frey, K. S., Strong, Z. H., & Onyewuenyi, A. C. (2017). Individual and class norms differentially predict proactive and reactive aggression: A functional analysis. Journal of Educational Psychology, 109(2), 178–190. 

Fung, A. L. C., Tsang, E. Y. H., Zhou, G., Low, A. Y. T., Ho, M. Y., & Lam, B. Y. H. (2019). Relationship between peer victimization and reactive–proactive aggression in school children. Psychology of Violence, 9(3), 350–358.

Gradinger, P., Strohmeier, D., & Spiel, C. (2017). Parents’ and teachers’ opinions on bullying and cyberbullying prevention: The relevance of their own children’s or students’ involvement. Zeitschrift für Psychologie, 225(1), 76–84.

Green, J. G., Felix, E. D., Sharkey, J. D., Furlong, M. J., & Kras, J. E. (2013). Identifying bully victims: Definitional versus behavioral approaches. Psychological Assessment, 25(2), 651–657.

Haltigan, J. D., & Vaillancourt, T. (2014). Joint trajectories of bullying and peer victimization across elementary and middle school and associations with symptoms of psychopathology. Developmental Psychology, 50(11), 2426–2436.

Huang, F. L., & Cornell, D. G. (2015). The impact of definition and question order on the prevalence of bullying victimization using student self-reports. Psychological Assessment, 27(4), 1484–1493.

Irwin, A., Li, J., Craig, W., & Hollenstein, T. (2019). The role of shame in chronic peer victimization. School Psychology, 34(2), 178–186.

Kim, D. H., Bassett, S. M., So, S., & Voisin, D. R. (2019). Family stress and youth mental health problems: Self-efficacy and future orientation mediation. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 89(2), 125–133. 

Klinck, M., Vannucci, A., Fagle, T., & Ohannessian, C. M. (2020). Appearance-related teasing and substance use during early adolescence. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 34(4), 541–548.

Lazarides, R., Dicke, A.-L., Rubach, C., & Eccles, J. S. (2020). "Profiles of motivational beliefs in math: Exploring their development, relations to student-perceived classroom characteristics, and impact on future career aspirations and choices": Correction. Journal of Educational Psychology, 112(3), 465. 

Li, Y., Chen, P. Y., Tuckey, M. R., McLinton, S. S., & Dollard, M. F. (2019). Prevention through job design: Identifying high-risk job characteristics associated with workplace bullying. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 24(2), 297–306.

Menolascino, N., & Jenkins, L. N. (2018). Predicting bystander intervention among middle school students. School Psychology Quarterly, 33(2), 305–313.

Merrell, K. W., Gueldner, B. A., Ross, S. W., & Isava, D. M. (2008). How effective are school bullying intervention programs? A meta-analysis of intervention research. School Psychology Quarterly, 23(1), 26–42.

Midgett, A., Doumas, D. M., Myers, V. H., Moody, S., & Doud, A. (2021). Technology-based bullying intervention for rural schools: Perspectives on needs, challenges, and design. Journal of Rural Mental Health, 45(1), 14–30.

Mulvey, K. L., Hoffman, A. J., Gönültaş, S., Hope, E. C., & Cooper, S. M. (2018). Understanding experiences with bullying and bias-based bullying: What matters and for whom? Psychology of Violence, 8(6), 702–711.

Oade, A. (2018). Responding to an incident of bullying at work: An opportunity to create a zero-tolerance culture. The Psychologist-Manager Journal, 21(1), 75–83.

Sharkey, J. D., Ruderman, M. A., Mayworm, A. M., Green, J. G., Furlong, M. J., Rivera, N., & Purisch, L. (2015). Psychosocial functioning of bullied youth who adopt versus deny the bully-victim label. School Psychology Quarterly, 30(1), 91–104. 

Strohmeier, D., Wagner, P., Spiel, C., & von Eye, A. (2010). Stability and constancy of bully-victim behavior: Looking at variables and individuals. Zeitschrift für Psychologie/Journal of Psychology, 218(3), 185–193. 

Teng, Z., Bear, G. G., Yang, C., Nie, Q., & Guo, C. (2020). Moral disengagement and bullying perpetration: A longitudinal study of the moderating effect of school climate. School Psychology, 35(1), 99–109.

Thakkar, N., van Geel, M., Malda, M., Rippe, R. C. A., & Vedder, P. (2020). Bullying and psychopathic traits: A longitudinal study with adolescents in India. Psychology of Violence, 10(2), 223–231.

Van Ryzin, M. J., & Roseth, C. J. (2018). Cooperative learning in middle school: A means to improve peer relations and reduce victimization, bullying, and related outcomes. Journal of Educational Psychology, 110(8), 1192–1201. 

Veenstra, R., Lindenberg, S., Oldehinkel, A. J., De Winter, A. F., Verhulst, F. C., & Ormel, J. (2005). Bullying and Victimization in Elementary Schools: A Comparison of Bullies, Victims, Bully/Victims, and Uninvolved Preadolescents. Developmental Psychology, 41(4), 672–682. 

Waasdorp, T. E., & Bradshaw, C. P. (2011). Examining student responses to frequent bullying: A latent class approach. Journal of Educational Psychology, 103(2), 336–352. 

Walters, G. D., & Espelage, D. L. (2018). Cognitive insensitivity and cognitive impulsivity as mediators of bullying continuity: Extending the psychological inertia construct to bullying behavior. School Psychology Quarterly, 33(4), 527–536.

Wang, W., Vaillancourt, T., Brittain, H. L., McDougall, P., Krygsman, A., Smith, D., Cunningham, C. E., Haltigan, J. D., & Hymel, S. (2014). School climate, peer victimization, and academic achievement: Results from a multi-informant study. School Psychology Quarterly, 29(3), 360–377.

Yang, C., Sharkey, J. D., Reed, L. A., Chen, C., & Dowdy, E. (2018). Bullying victimization and student engagement in elementary, middle, and high schools: Moderating role of school climate. School Psychology Quarterly, 33(1), 54–64. 

Yang, J., Wang, X., & Lei, L. (2020). Perceived school climate and adolescents’ bullying perpetration: A moderated mediation model of moral disengagement and peers’ defending. Children and Youth Services Review, 109, Article 104716.

Additional References:
- Bemak PhD and Susan Keys PhD; Violent and Aggressive Youth: Intervention and Prevention Strategies for Changing Times; Corwin Press: California; 2000

- Board of Education Commonwealth of Virginia. Model Policy to Address Bullying in Virginia's Public Schools, Virginia Board of Education, October 2013, p 1-48.

- Burkhart, Kimberly; Knox, Michele; Brockmyer, Jeanne. Pilot Evaluation of the ACT Raising Safe Kids Program on Children's Bullying Behavior. Journal of Child & Family Studies. Oct2013, Vol. 22 Issue 7, p942-951. 10p.

- Cooper, Leigh; Nickerson, Amanda. Parent Retrospective Recollections of Bullying and Current Views, Concerns, and Strategies to Cope with Children's Bullying. Journal of Child & Family Studies. May2013, Vol. 22 Issue 4, p526-540. 15p. 1 Diagram, 3 Charts. DOI: 10.1007/s10826-012-9606-0.

- Frederick PhD, Alfred D, Ernest I Middleton PhD, and Dorothy Butler, PhD; Identification of Various Levels of School Violence; Dealing with Youth Violence: What Schools and Communities Need to Know; Rose Dehon-Sells (ed.); National Educational Service: Indiana; 1995

- Gladden, R.M., Vivolo-Kantor, A.M., Hamburger, M.E., & Lumpkin, C.D. Bullying Surveillance Among Youths: Uniform Definitions for Public Health and Recommended Data Elements, Version 1.0. Atlanta, GA; National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and U.S. Department of Education; 2014.

- Hamburger ME, Basile KC, Vivolo AM. Measuring Bullying Victimization, Perpetration, and Bystander Experiences: A Compendium of Assessment Tools. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, 2011, p. 106-109.

- Johnson Institute; Respect & Protect: Violence Prevention and Intervention (Participant Manual); Hazelden: Minnesota; 1999.

- Langan, Paul; Bullying in Schools: What You Need to Know; Townsend Press: New Jersey; 2003

- Menesini, Ersilia; Modena, Marco; Tani, Franca; Bullying and Victimization in Adolescence: Concurrent and Stable Roles and Psychological Health Symptoms; Journal of Genetic Psychology, June 2009, Vol 170 Issue 2, p115

- Migliaccio, Todd; Raskauskas, Juliana. Small-Scale Bullying Prevention Discussion Video for Classrooms: A Preliminary Evaluation. Children & Schools. apr2013, Vol. 35 Issue 2, p71-81. 11p.

- Remboldt, Carole; Solving Violence Problems in Your School: Why a Systematic Approach is Necessary; Johnson Institute/Hazelden: Minnesota; 1994

- Rigby EdD, Ken; What It Takes to Stop Bullying in Schools: An Examination of the Rationale and Effectiveness of School-Based Interventions; in Appraisal and Prediction of School Violence; Michael J Furlong et al (eds); Nova Science Publishers Inc: New York; 2004

- Schoen, Sharon; Schoen, Alexis; Bullying and Harassment in the United States; Clearing House, February 2009, Vol 83 Issue 2, p68

- Shetgiri, Rashmi; Lin, Hua; Avila, Rosa M.; Flores, Glenn. Parental Characteristics Associated With Bullying Perpetration in US Children Aged 10 to 17 Years. American Journal of Public Health. Dec2012, Vol. 102 Issue 12, p2280-2286. 7p. DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2012.300725.

- Shore, Kenneth; PREVENTING BULLYING; Education Digest, December 2009, Vol 75, Issue 4, p39

- Smokowski PhD MSW, Paul R and Kelly Holland Kopasz MSW; Bulling in School: An Overview of Types, Effects, Family Characteristics, and Intervention Strategies; Children & Schools; Apr2005, Vol. 27 Issue 2, p101

- Stopbullying.gov, Bullying Prevention and Reponse Base Training Module, Stopbullying.gov, p 1-109.

- The Office of Representative Sean Patrick Maloney. 2014 BULLYING PREVENTION REPORT Best Practices, Findings, and Prevention Resources to Combat Bullying, http://seanmaloney.house.gov, 2014, pages 1-7.

- Verlinden, Marina; Tiemeier, Henning; Veenstra, René; Mieloo, Cathelijne L.; Jansen, Wilma; Jaddoe, Vincent W. V.; Raat, Hein; Hofman, Albert; Verhulst, Frank C.; Jansen, Pauline W. Television viewing through ages 2-5 years and bullying involvement in early elementary school. BMC Public Health. 2014, Vol. 14 Issue 1, p1-27. 27p. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-157.

- Whitted, Kathryn S and David R Dupper; Best Practices for Preventing or Reducing Bullying in Schools; Children & Schools; Jul2005, Vol. 27 Issue 3, p 167.